Universal Gravitation (Physics)

Topics: physics, universal gravitation, gravity, forces, gravitational constant

Grades: 9-12

Standards: NGSS HS-PS2-1, HS-PS2-2, HS-PS2-4

Duration to complete: 10-15 minutes

Learning outcome: Students will understand that all objects exert gravitational force on one another. Students will learn that the value of gravitational force depends on the masses of two objects, the distance between them, and the gravitational constant, G. Students will understand that the gravitational force exerted on each object is equal, no matter the difference in mass. Students will observe that less massive objects have higher acceleration than more massive objects.

Intro for students: Planets, stars, and pebbles -- what do they have in common? They exert gravitational force on their surroundings! In this experience, learn how to calculate this force and understand conceptually how gravitation works. Also, you just might spot a spherical cow or two!